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Short-Finned Pilot Whale

Complete Guide to Short-Finned Pilot Whales in Mirissa, Sri Lanka

Mirissa’s offshore waters occasionally host Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), one of the most social and intriguing toothed whales in the Indian Ocean. Known for their strong pod cohesion and intelligence, these whales are less frequently seen than Bryde’s whales, but sightings in Mirissa offer unique opportunities for researchers and whale-watchers alike.

Their presence in Mirissa is supported by warm tropical waters, abundant prey species, and deep offshore habitats, which provide ideal conditions for both feeding and social interaction.

What Species of Short-Finned Pilot Whale Is Seen in Mirissa?

The species recorded in Mirissa is the Short-Finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), a small-toothed whale in the dolphin family (Delphinidae) that is well-known for:

  • Long lifespan (up to 60 years in the wild)

  • Highly social, matrilineal pods

  • Deep diving ability for squid and fish

These whales are distinct from long-finned pilot whales and are the resident species in tropical and subtropical waters around Sri Lanka.

Why Short-Finned Pilot Whales Choose Mirissa

Short-Finned Pilot Whales are attracted to Mirissa because of:

  • Rich squid and small pelagic fish populations

  • Deepwater canyons and steep shelf drops ideal for hunting

  • Stable warm waters all year round

  • Opportunity to form large pods in offshore zones

These factors make Mirissa a reliable site for observing their natural social and feeding behaviour.

Size, Length & Weight of Short-Finned Pilot Whales in Mirissa

Accurate Size Measurements:

  • Adult males: 5–6 metres long, weighing 1.5–2 tonnes

  • Adult females: 3.5–4.5 metres long, weighing 1–1.2 tonnes

  • Calves: Around 1.5–2 metres at birth

Short-Finned Pilot Whales are smaller than sperm or Bryde’s whales but are powerful, robust animals with a distinctive bulbous head.

Why They Grow This Large:

Their size provides:

  • Efficient oxygen storage for deep dives (up to 600 metres)

     

  • Protection in tightly knit pods

     

  • Energy for long-distance movement between feeding zones

Their body structure reflects adaptation for social cohesion and hunting efficiency.

Colour & Appearance of Short-Finned Pilot Whales in Mirissa

Colour & Patterns:

  • Mostly dark grey to black, with occasional lighter patches on the belly

  • Smooth skin with few visible scars

  • Juveniles often appear slightly lighter than adults

Their dark colour contrasts sharply with Mirissa’s turquoise waters, making surface sightings easier.

Distinct Physical Features:

  • Rounded, bulbous forehead (“melon”)

  • Long, sickle-shaped dorsal fin

  • Tapered, strong body

  • Flippers are wide and paddle-like

These physical traits make them distinctive among offshore whales and dolphins in Sri Lankan waters.

How to Identify a Short-Finned Pilot Whale in the Mirissa Sea

Main Identification Signs:

1. The Blow (Spout):

  • Narrow, low blow
  • Often angled forward during breathing
  • Visible for only a few seconds

2. Head Shape:

  • Rounded, bulbous melon

  • No pronounced beak

  • Smooth transition from head to body

3. Dorsal Hump:

  • Prominent, curved dorsal fin midway along the back

  • Easily visible from whale-watching boats

4. Dive Sequence:

  • Deep dives lasting 5–15 minutes

  • Frequently seen in pods, surfacing together

  • Flukes rarely lifted out of water

Their coordinated pod movements are a key identification feature.

Short-Finned Pilot Whale Diet and Feeding Behaviour in Mirissa

Feeding Facts:

  • Feed primarily on squid and small fish

  • Capable of consuming hundreds of kilograms of prey per day

Dive deep for food using echolocation

Feeding Techniques in Mirissa Waters:

  • Cooperative hunting in pods

  • Coordinated surfacing and herding of prey

  • Surface feeding when prey schools are near

Mirissa’s offshore waters provide ideal conditions for both solitary hunting and pod coordination.

Short-Finned Pilot Whale Season in Mirissa: Best Time for Sightings

While sperm whales can be seen throughout the year, certain seasons offer better conditions for observation.

⭐ Peak Season:

November to April

  • Calm seas improve sighting opportunities

  • Often coincides with squid abundance

Shoulder Months (Possible Sightings):

May to October

  • Sightings are less frequent but possible

  • Weather and sea conditions can affect visibility

Although sightings are less predictable than Bryde’s whales, experienced guides can locate pods offshore.

Where Short-Finned Pilot Whales Are Found in Mirissa

Why This Matters:

  • Knowing typical locations supports ethical whale-watching

  • Reduces disturbance to pods

  • Helps researchers monitor population patterns

Typical Habitat Range:

  • Deep offshore waters 5–15 km from shore

  • Depths of 100–600 metres

  • Often near steep shelf drops and submarine canyons

Short-Finned Pilot Whales prefer coastal and near-offshore habitats, making Mirissa ideal for observation.

Behaviour of Short-Finned Pilot Whales in Mirissa

Social Behaviour

  • Highly social; pods of 10–50 are common

  • Matrilineal structure dominates

  • Vocal communication includes clicks and whistles

Pod cohesion is critical for hunting, navigation, and social bonding.

Diving and Resting Behaviour:

  • Deep dives of 5–15 minutes

  • Shallow dives while resting or socializing

  • Slow surface travel during calm periods

Their predictable pod behaviour makes responsible whale-watching feasible.

FAQ: Short-Finned Pilot Whales in Mirissa, Sri Lanka

Are short-finned pilot whales seen in Mirissa?

Yes. They are less common than Bryde’s whales, but sightings occur, especially offshore.

How can short-finned pilot whales be identified?

By their bulbous head, dark body, sickle-shaped dorsal fin, and tight social pods.

Do short-finned pilot whales live in groups?

Yes. They are highly social and usually observed in pods of 10–50 individuals.

Is it safe to watch short-finned pilot whales from boats?

Yes, provided whale-watching guidelines are followed and safe distances are maintained.